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Resumen
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™ฐ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™’๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™–๎™ด๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜ฒ๎˜น๎˜ฌ๎˜ง๎˜๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™น๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ฐ๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™Š๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™˜๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ฐ๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™˜๎™™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™—๎™„๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™’๎™‡๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎˜ค๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™๎™’๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฐ๎˜ท๎˜ธ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™๎™˜๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™’๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฐ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ
Palabras claves: ๎˜ค๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘
Abstract
๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™†๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜๎™๎™„๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Ž๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™„๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™‹๎™’๎™˜๎™๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ˆ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™˜๎™•๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™‡๎™‹๎™’๎™’๎™‡๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™‹๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™•๎™’๎™˜๎™Š๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๏ต๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™œ๎™—๎™‹๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™„๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™†๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™‹๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™’๎™๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™„๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™๎™’๎™š๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™˜๎™•๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜ฒ๎˜น๎˜ฌ๎˜ง๎˜๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™’๎™๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ˆ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎˜
๎™๎™„๎™•๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™˜๎™•๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™Œ๎™—๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™Š๎™’๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™•๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™‹๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™›๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™„๎™†๎™‹๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™Œ๎™—๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ˆ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™ˆ๎™๎™‡๎˜๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™Œ๎™—๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™„๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™„๎™Œ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™‹๎™•๎™’๎™˜๎™Š๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™’๎™‡๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™—๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™˜๎™•๎˜๎™œ๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜๎™’๎™๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™š๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™๎™’๎™†๎™Ž๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฐ๎˜ท๎˜ธ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™‹๎™’๎™š๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™“๎™๎™œ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™•๎™ˆ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™ˆ๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™Ž๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™๎™˜๎™–๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™„๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™š๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™†๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™–๎™‰๎™˜๎™๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™’๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™’๎™œ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™’๎™๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™‹๎™’๎™‡๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜‘
Keywords: ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘
๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™…๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
Application study of a virtual course on basic mathematical
notions for 4-year-olds
๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™…๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜•๎˜๎˜“๎˜›๎˜๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜•๎˜ƒ ๎˜ค๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜–๎˜๎˜”๎˜“๎˜๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜•
๎˜ฒ๎™…๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™Œ๎™–๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™๎˜”๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™Œ๎™–๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™’๎™ˆ๎™๎™ด2๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™•๎™’๎˜–
๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฉ๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™•๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜ถ๎˜ณ๎˜จ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ด๎™˜๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™๎™ˆ๎™’๎™…๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜š๎˜ฃ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎˜‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎˜Œ
2๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฉ๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™•๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜ถ๎˜ณ๎˜จ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ด๎™˜๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™‘๎™‰๎™†๎™„๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™Œ๎™–๎™„๎˜ฃ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎˜‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎˜Œ
๎˜–๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™›๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฉ๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™•๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜ถ๎˜ณ๎˜จ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ด๎™˜๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Š๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ฃ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎˜‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎˜Œ
ISSN: 2953-6324
https://journal.espe.edu.ec/ojs/index.php/investigacion-educativa/
REIE Vol. 3, Num 1 - mayo 2023
8
Revista Ecuatoriana de Investigaciรณn Educativa
๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๏Ž‡๏Ž๏Ž‹๏Žˆ๏ฝ๏ŽŽ๏ผ๏ผ๏Ž‚๏Žฌ๏Ž‡
L๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎˜๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎˜
๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™–๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™๎™˜๎˜
๎™œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™‹๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™ด๎™–๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™—๎™„๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎˜
๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฒ๎™๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™“๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™ด๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฐ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฆ๎™˜๎™•๎™•๎™ด๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™…๎™„๎™•๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™‰๎™ด๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™…๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜‘
๎˜ค๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™‰๎™ด๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜
๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™’๎™œ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™˜๎™Š๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™“๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™„๎™–๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™Š๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™•๎™Œ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™๎™’๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™–๎™†๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜ถ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™…๎™„๎™•๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™˜๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™…๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™„๎™–๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎˜
๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎˜‹๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™–๎™†๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™น๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎˜๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™น๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™“๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎˜
๎™๎™„๎˜๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜‘
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™๎™˜๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎˜๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™–๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™๎™˜๎™œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎˜
๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™•๎™Œ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™…๎™„๎™•๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™…๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™‰๎™ด๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™…๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜‘
๎˜ฌ๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๏บ๏Ž‹๏ผ๏Žˆ๎˜ƒ๏Ž๏พ๏Žฌ๏Ž‹๏Ž‚๏ผ๏Žˆ
2.1. Educaciรณn en tiempos de pandemia
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™˜๎™๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™…๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™™๎™’๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎˜
๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Š๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ด๎™๎™˜๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™˜๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜”๎˜š๎˜œ๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™˜๎™…๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™ด๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฉ๎™„๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™…๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™•๎™ฉ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™Œ๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™’๎™œ๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™„๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฐ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ฐ๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜
๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™ฉ๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™น๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™…๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™…๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™˜๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜”๎˜›๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜
๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™พ๎™–๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™™๎™’๎™๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฅ๎™ˆ๎™๎™˜๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜”๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜”๎˜—๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™˜๎™•๎˜
๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜”๎˜š๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™“๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
2.2. Nociones bรกsicas en Educaciรณn Inicial
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎˜
๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ
9
Vol. 3 - 2023
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™…๎™„๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‡๎™„๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ฉ๎™…๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฉ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™ˆ๎™™๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎˜
๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™†๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜™๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ถ๎™„๎™๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎˜
๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™’๎™๎™…๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜”๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™๎™’๎™—๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜
๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎›€๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎˜
๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™’๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ด๎™๎™…๎™’๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜•๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎˜•๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎˜š๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™พ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™๎™’๎™—๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜
๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™Š๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎˜
๎™†๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™›๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™œ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜—๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎˜
๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™Š๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ด๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎˜‹๎˜ฏ๎™น๎™“๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ถ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™…๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎˜
๎™๎™„๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™˜๎™•๎™•๎™ด๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎™“๎˜‘๎˜–๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜™๎˜›๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎˜
๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™„๎™๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™˜๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ด๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™œ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎˜
๎™“๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜›๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ณ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎˜
๎™‡๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜‘
2.3. Nociones bรกsicas de clasi๎šฟcaciรณn y seriaciรณn
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™Œ๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜š๎˜”๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜•๎˜˜๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎šฟ๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™„๎™•๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™Š๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™น๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™•๎™Š๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜•๎˜‘๎˜–๎˜‘๎˜”๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜™๎˜˜๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™•๎™™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™ฐ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜“๎˜œ๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜
๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎˜
๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ฐ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™†๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎˜ด๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™…๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ฉ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎™ฉ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™Š๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™˜๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™…๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ค๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™…๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™•๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎˜ซ๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜
โ€ข ๎˜จ๎™–๎™†๎™’๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ด๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜’๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜Œ๎˜‘
โ€ข ๎˜ฌ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎™‡๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ฐ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ด๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
10
Revista Ecuatoriana de Investigaciรณn Educativa
๎˜ณ๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™…๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎˜
๎™†๎™‹๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™•๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™•๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™Š๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜•๎˜‘๎˜–๎˜‘๎˜•๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™œ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎˜
๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™ฉ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™˜๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™ฐ๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎˜‹๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜˜๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ฐ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™…๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™’๎™–๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™†๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™•๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™„๎™•๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜‘
๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™œ๎™˜๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜—๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎˜‘๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™•๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎˜
๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™Œ๎™‰๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™ฐ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™œ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜
๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™Š๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™พ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ฐ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™’๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎›€๎™ˆ๎™›๎™Œ๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜‘
2.4. Actividades interactivas para el aprendizaje
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™„๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎˜
๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ฉ๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™๎™’๎™š๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜บ๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™’๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ฉ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™„๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™•๎™Œ๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™˜๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™„๎™˜๎™Š๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎˜น๎™Œ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™’๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™˜๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™•๎™Œ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜
๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎™™๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ฉ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™’๎™œ๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™˜๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™•๎™Œ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜–๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™•๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™’๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎˜
๎™“๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™๎™„๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™–๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™ฐ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™น๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™Š๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™˜๎™…๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™ด๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ด๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™˜๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™•๎™Œ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™๎™’๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™ด๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™“๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ช๎™น๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜
๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™พ๎™–๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™™๎™’๎™๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎˜
11
Vol. 3 - 2023
๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™Š๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ฉ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ด๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฌ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™ฐ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜ฌ๎˜ฌ๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๏พ๏Ž๏Žˆ๏ฝ๏Žˆ๏Ž…๏Žˆ๏Ž€๏Žง๏บ๎˜ƒ๎˜’๎˜ƒ๏บ๏Ž‰๏Ž…๏Ž‚๏ผ๏บ๏ผ๏Ž‚๏Žฌ๏Ž‡
๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™“๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ฐ๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜‘
Poblaciรณn-Muestra
๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™…๎™„๎™๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎˜
๎™†๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™น๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™๎™…๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™›๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™–๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฉ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎˜ฌ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎˜
๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
Procedimiento
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฐ๎˜ท๎˜ธ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™…๎™˜๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™•๎™น๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™•๎™น๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™—๎™„๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™’๎™‡๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‰๎™ฉ๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™…๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™น๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™…๎™˜๎˜
๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜‘
๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™‘๎™น๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ด๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฐ๎˜ท๎˜๎˜ธ๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™“๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ
๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฐ๎˜ท๎˜๎˜ธ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜›๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™•๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™น๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ด๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™พ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ค๎™๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™˜๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎˜
๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™—๎™„๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜ฒ๎˜ฒ๎˜ง๎˜ฏ๎˜จ๎˜ƒ
๎˜ค๎˜ฆ๎˜ค๎˜ง๎˜จ๎˜ฐ๎˜ผ๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™…๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™น๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™น๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™—๎™’๎˜’๎™…๎™„๎™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Š๎™„๎˜
๎™‡๎™’๎˜’๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™…๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™Š๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎˜
๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™พ๎™๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Š๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™ด๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™‡๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™Š๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ฉ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™น๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฐ๎˜ท๎˜๎˜ธ๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ด๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™“๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎˜
๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™—๎™„๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎˜
๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ด๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™พ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜“๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™„๎™…๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™น๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™…๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™†๎™’๎™›๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎˜
๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ฐ๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ด๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™…๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™…๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™…๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™๎˜‘
๎˜ฌ๎˜น๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๏พ๏ŽŒ๏ŽŽ๏Ž…๏Ž๏บ๏ฝ๏Žˆ๏ŽŒ
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™„๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ณ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ณ๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™…๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฎ๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™’๎™•๎™’๎™™๎˜๎˜ถ๎™๎™Œ๎™•๎˜
๎™‘๎™’๎™™๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎™Œ๎™๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ฐ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™Œ๎˜
๎™Š๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜
Tabla 1
Resumen medidas Descriptivas
Nota. ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜‘
๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎˜ซ๎˜“๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎˜ซ๎˜”๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘
๎˜ซ๎˜“๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎˜ซ๎˜”๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
12
Revista Ecuatoriana de Investigaciรณn Educativa
๎˜ฆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘
๎˜ซ๎˜“๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎˜ซ๎˜”๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™„๎™“๎™„๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘
Tabla 2
Resumen pruebas de hipรณtesis
Nota. ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™—๎™น๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™†๎™’๎™›๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜๎˜–๎˜๎˜•๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜๎˜™๎˜๎˜›๎˜š๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™ด๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜๎˜™๎˜๎˜›๎˜•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™™๎™’๎™๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜‘
๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜๎˜–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™œ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™†๎™’๎™›๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜๎˜“๎˜๎˜•๎˜š๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜๎˜“๎˜๎˜˜๎˜›๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜๎˜“๎˜๎˜˜๎˜š๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜‘
Figura 1
Diagrama de Caja de la Nociรณn Clasi๎šฟcaciรณn
Nota. ๎˜ณ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎˜“๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™ด๎™‘๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™›๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎˜—๎˜๎˜•๎˜–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ด๎™‘๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™›๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜๎˜˜๎˜œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
Figura 2
Histograma de la Nociรณn Clasi๎šฟcaciรณn
Nota. ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™†๎™’๎™›๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜๎™“๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜›๎˜‘๎˜“๎˜˜๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜”๎˜™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜
๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™‚๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™‚๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™ฉ๎šฟ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜๎™“๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™„๎™๎™น๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜‘
Figura 3
Nociรณn seriaciรณn
Nota. ๎˜ณ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™
13
Vol. 3 - 2023
๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎™ด๎™„๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™Œ๎™–๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™ด๎™“๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™„๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ด๎™‘๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™›๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜๎˜–๎˜—๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ด๎™‘๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™’๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™›๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜๎˜™๎˜”๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘
Figura 4
Histograma de la Nociรณn seriaciรณn
Nota. ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™†๎™’๎™›๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜๎™“๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜๎˜“๎˜“๎˜“๎˜—๎˜š๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜
๎šฟ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™‚๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™‚๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™ฉ๎šฟ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜๎™“๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™„๎™๎™น๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜‘
Figura 5
Resultado total de evaluaciรณn de la Nociรณn Clasi๎šฟcaciรณn
y Seriaciรณn
Nota. ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎˜
ciรณn inicial
๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎™ด๎™„๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜“๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™ด๎™“๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜๎˜˜๎˜™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™ด๎™“๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜œ๎˜๎˜•๎˜“๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
Figura 6
Resultado total de evaluaciรณn de la Nociรณn Clasi๎šฟcaciรณn
y Seriaciรณn
Nota. ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎˜
ciรณn inicial
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™†๎™’๎™›๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜๎™“๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜‘๎˜š๎˜œ๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜”๎˜˜๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜
๎šฟ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™‚๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ž๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ซ๎™‚๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™•๎™ฉ๎šฟ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜๎™“๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™„๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜›๎˜“๎˜ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜œ๎˜“๎˜ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎˜
๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™—๎™„๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™’๎™‡๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™†๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™†๎™’๎™›๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™ฐ๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™…๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™Š๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™•๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™˜๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™พ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฆ๎™˜๎™•๎™•๎™ด๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎šณ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™˜๎™“๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
14
Revista Ecuatoriana de Investigaciรณn Educativa
๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎šด๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜™๎˜“๎˜ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™˜๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎˜
๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜›๎˜“๎˜ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜š๎˜“๎˜ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™˜๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜œ๎˜“๎˜ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎˜
๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜
๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™“๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™Š๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ช๎™น๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜
๎™†๎™˜๎™…๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ
๎˜น๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๏Žˆ๏Ž‡๏ผ๏Ž…๏ŽŽ๏ŽŒ๏Ž‚๏Žˆ๏Ž‡๏พ๏ŽŒ
๎˜ค๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎˜๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎˜
๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™’๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™—๎™„๎™Š๎™น๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ
๎™•๎™ˆ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‡๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™ด๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™˜๎™…๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™˜๎™‘๎™‡๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™“๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™„๎™…๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™„๎™ธ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™–๎™ด๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™•๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™›๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™“๎™น๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™…๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ƒ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎˜
๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™’๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎›€๎™Œ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ฉ๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™œ๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™‰๎™ด๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜
๎™†๎™˜๎™…๎™•๎™Œ๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™›๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™ด๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ด๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜
๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™‘๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎›€๎™ˆ๎™›๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜น๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๏พ๏ผ๏Žˆ๏Ž†๏พ๏Ž‡๏ฝ๏บ๏ผ๏Ž‚๏Žˆ๏Ž‡๏พ๏ŽŒ
๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™—๎™Œ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎šฟ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ฉ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™–๎™ด๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™„๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™ฐ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™ˆ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™น๎™๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ต๏พ๏ฟ๏พ๏Ž‹๏พ๏Ž‡๏ผ๏Ž‚๏บ๏ŽŒ
๎˜ค๎™Š๎™˜๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ต๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™•๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎™น๎™“๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎˜
๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™ฐ๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™Œ๎™‘๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎˜ฌ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™‘๎™Š๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ช๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜๎˜•๎˜”๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎™•๎™๎™’๎˜‘
๎˜ค๎™˜๎™…๎™•๎™ˆ๎™œ๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜œ๎˜–๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™Ž๎™‘๎™’๎™š๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Š๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™“๎™ˆ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™š๎™‹๎™Œ๎™†๎™‹๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™…๎™•๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ
๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™†๎™‹๎™’๎™’๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฅ๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™–๎™‹๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™‹๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎™’๎™˜๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜š๎˜๎˜—๎˜”๎˜‘
๎˜ค๎™˜๎™…๎™•๎™ˆ๎™œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™„๎™‹๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™’๎™‡๎™‰๎™•๎™ˆ๎™œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™„๎™•๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฉ๎™˜๎™•๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™‹๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎™’๎™˜๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜”๎˜›๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜š๎˜๎˜—๎˜™๎˜‘
๎˜ค๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™„๎™˜๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ฌ๎™Ž๎™Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™˜๎™Œ๎™—๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜˜๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎˜
๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Ž๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜
๎™†๎™‹๎™’๎™’๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™š๎™Œ๎™—๎™‹๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™’๎™š๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™…๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™˜๎™•๎™’๎™“๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎™’๎™˜๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™’๎™‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™ˆ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜”๎˜–๎˜”๎˜๎˜”๎˜—๎˜™
๎˜ค๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™Œ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™„๎™˜๎™—๎™„๎™๎™ฌ๎™Ž๎™Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™˜๎™Œ๎™—๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ผ๎™’๎™˜๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™‡๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎šถ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™˜๎™๎™…๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฉ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜ซ๎™’๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฎ๎™’๎™‘๎™Š๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎˜ƒ ๎˜ถ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎™„๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎™’๎™˜๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™’๎™‰๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™„๎™•๎™๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎˜ผ๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜•๎˜‹๎˜–๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜˜๎˜๎˜•๎˜”๎˜™๎˜‘
๎˜ค๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™’๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎˜
๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™พ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™๎™„๎™–๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฌ๎˜จ๎˜ฌ๎˜ƒ ๎˜–๎˜š๎˜š๎˜ƒ ๎šณ๎˜ง๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฑ๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™พ๎™–๎šด๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฒ๎™๎™Œ๎˜
๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜™๎˜‘
๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™†๎™ˆ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜ฑ๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฆ๎˜จ๎˜ง๎˜จ๎˜ฑ๎˜
๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ถ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฌ๎˜ฑ๎˜น๎˜จ๎˜ถ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ช๎˜ค๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜น๎˜ฒ๎˜ถ๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎˜ฑ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎˜ค๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฌ๎˜ฑ๎˜ฆ๎˜ฒ๎˜ต๎˜ณ๎˜ฒ๎˜ต๎˜ค๎˜
๎˜ฆ๎˜ฌ๎›๎˜ฑ๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎˜จ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎˜ค๎˜ถ๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฆ๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎˜ฑ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜ง๎˜ธ๎˜ฆ๎˜ค๎˜ฆ๎˜ฌ๎›๎˜ฑ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎˜ฑ๎˜ฉ๎˜ค๎˜ฑ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฏ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ค๎™๎™…๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™•๎™Œ๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฆ๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜–๎˜‘
๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™„๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘
๎˜ฅ๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฉ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎˜
๎™†๎™’๎˜๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฒ๎™•๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™–๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎˜
๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜œ๎˜š๎˜๎˜–๎˜•๎˜™๎˜‘
15
Vol. 3 - 2023
๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™•๎™˜๎™‘๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™’๎™‡๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™Š๎™˜๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™’๎™‘๎™๎™ฉ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™˜๎™ธ๎™’๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™๎™Œ๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™…๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™๎˜
๎™‘๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ด๎™‘๎™‡๎™•๎™’๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™’๎™š๎™‘๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™’๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜œ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜”๎˜”๎˜
๎˜•๎˜•๎˜™๎˜‘
๎˜ฆ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™—๎™†๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ช๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™ฐ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜บ๎™Œ๎™๎™–๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎˜ค๎™•๎™„๎™œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™พ๎™ธ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™Œ๎™–๎™†๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฎ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ด๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™•๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™…๎™’๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎˜ต๎™’๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ฉ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™Œ๎™–๎™‘๎™„๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™‡๎™„๎™“๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™—๎™•๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‹๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎™Š๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎˜‹๎˜น๎™„๎™๎™‡๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜›๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜–๎˜˜๎˜๎˜•๎˜˜๎˜–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™–๎™†๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™ด๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™ด๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™’๎˜
๎™†๎™„๎™๎™’๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜ฅ๎˜ณ๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™›๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ฅ๎™Œ๎™—๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™œ๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜˜๎˜“๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜๎˜•๎˜”๎˜“๎˜‘
๎˜ฆ๎™˜๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™–๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™Œ๎™’๎˜
๎™Š๎™•๎™ฉ๎šฟ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Š๎š๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™—๎™‘๎™’๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜‘
๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™ˆ๎™˜๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™„๎™–๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™Œ๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™‰๎™„๎™…๎™ˆ๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฅ๎™Œ๎™…๎™๎™Œ๎™’๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™–๎™†๎™’๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™‰๎™„๎™…๎™ˆ๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ฅ๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎šถ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜Œ๎˜‘
๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™ˆ๎™—๎™’๎™‡๎™’๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎™†๎˜ฃ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ฉ๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜œ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜•๎˜˜๎˜๎˜”๎˜–๎˜•๎˜‘
๎˜ฉ๎™„๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™†๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฎ๎™„๎™—๎™๎™Ž๎™’๎™š๎™Œ๎™†๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™†๎™‹๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ผ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™˜๎™ฐ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ค๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™๎™Œ๎™–๎™Œ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎™„๎™™๎™Œ๎™•๎™˜๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ฉ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ช๎™„๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ผ๎™ฉ๎™ธ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฉ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™‘๎˜
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜›๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™„๎™‘๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™†๎™น๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™œ๎™˜๎™‡๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™‰๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™…๎™๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜“๎˜‹๎˜–๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜—๎˜š๎˜
๎˜•๎˜š๎˜™๎˜‘
๎˜ซ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜ช๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฑ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ ๎˜ถ๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™†๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™˜๎™•๎™ฐ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ผ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ผ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™•๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎™„๎šด๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜ถ๎˜ฆ๎˜ญ๎˜ฉ๎šด๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™„๎™–๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™’๎™•๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™„๎™…๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™น๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎˜‘๎šž๎˜ƒ๎˜“๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎˜ต๎™Œ๎™’๎™๎™„๎˜‘
๎˜ซ๎™ˆ๎™•๎™‘๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™„๎™๎™ด๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™”๎™˜๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ผ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ณ๎™•๎™’๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™•๎™™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™–๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™๎™“๎™๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎™“๎™’๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎™™๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ซ๎™˜๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎™„๎™๎™„๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฉ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™„๎™‰๎™ด๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™†๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ป๎˜ป๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™•๎™…๎™Œ๎™—๎™•๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™™๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™Œ๎™Š๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎˜
๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜—๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜š๎˜™๎˜๎˜”๎˜›๎˜š๎˜‘
๎™Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™ฐ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™ˆ๎™๎™„๎™…๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™’๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜จ๎™‡๎™–๎˜‘๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฒ๎™†๎˜
๎™—๎™„๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™•๎™’๎˜‘
๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™ธ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜˜๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎˜
๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™•๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎˜ƒ
๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™˜๎™‡๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™„๎™–๎™’๎˜‘
๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™ธ๎™„๎™‡๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™ด๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™‘๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™—๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™’๎™•๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™๎™‘๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜™๎˜๎˜š๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™ˆ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘
๎˜ฑ๎™„๎™™๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎˜ช๎™˜๎™๎™๎™ฉ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™Š๎™˜๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™Œ๎™๎™๎™„๎™Š๎™•๎™ฉ๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™๎™†๎™„๎™๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™™๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ช๎™„๎™๎™๎™„๎™•๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ
๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎™™๎™„๎™๎™˜๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎šž๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™๎˜‘
๎˜ฒ๎™๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ซ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™‘๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™–๎™ˆ๎™„๎™•๎™†๎™‹๎™Š๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜˜๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜›๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™’๎™•๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™‰๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜
๎™๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜—๎˜‹๎™–๎™˜๎™“๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜–๎˜๎˜˜๎˜—๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™„๎™…๎™น๎™‘๎˜๎˜ช๎™น๎™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜—๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™พ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™•๎™•๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‰๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜–๎˜š๎˜๎˜—๎˜›๎˜‘
๎˜ณ๎™ˆ๎™๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™‹๎™˜๎™„๎™๎™„๎™Œ๎™•๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™„๎™Œ๎™’๎™†๎™†๎™‹๎™Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ด๎™˜๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎˜
๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Š๎™Œ๎™‰๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฎ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฝ๎™˜๎™๎™’๎™„๎™Š๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎™๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜•๎˜“๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™‰๎™’๎™•๎™๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜
๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™
๎˜ถ๎™„๎™๎™‡๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™„๎˜๎˜ฝ๎™„๎™๎™…๎™•๎™„๎™‘๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฅ๎™•๎™„๎™™๎™’๎˜๎˜ฆ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ช๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ง๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™’๎™•๎˜๎˜ต๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™Œ๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™—๎™ˆ๎™’๎™•๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™–๎™—๎™•๎™˜๎™†๎˜
๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™Œ๎™Š๎™‘๎™Œ๎šฟ๎™†๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™„๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™„๎˜
๎™Š๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™’๎™๎™Œ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฆ๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜•๎˜‹๎˜–๎˜ƒ
๎˜จ๎™–๎™“๎™ˆ๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜•๎˜š๎˜๎˜”๎˜–๎˜š๎˜‘
๎˜ถ๎™ฉ๎™‘๎™†๎™‹๎™ˆ๎™๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™˜๎™•๎™•๎™Œ๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™„๎™•๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฆ๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜
๎™†๎™ˆ๎™“๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™„๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™„๎™‘๎™—๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™‡๎™„๎™‡๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™‹๎™Œ๎™๎™ˆ๎˜‘
๎˜ถ๎™’๎™—๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฉ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ค๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฌ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ฑ๎™ˆ๎™Œ๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฒ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜“๎˜œ๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜
๎™—๎™„๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ ๎™“๎™•๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™–๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™ˆ๎™ธ๎™„๎™‘๎˜
๎™๎™„๎˜๎™„๎™“๎™•๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™‡๎™Œ๎™๎™„๎™๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™–๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™น๎™“๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™’๎™†๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎˜
๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™–๎™“๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜จ๎˜ง๎˜ธ๎˜ท๎˜จ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™ˆ๎™๎™ˆ๎™†๎™—๎™•๎™น๎™‘๎™Œ๎™†๎™„๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ
๎˜ท๎™ˆ๎™†๎™‘๎™’๎™๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‡๎™˜๎™†๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™™๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜œ๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜”๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜๎™„๎˜”๎˜”๎˜œ๎˜‘
๎˜น๎™„๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎˜ถ๎™„๎™๎™Š๎™„๎™‡๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜น๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜•๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™–๎™„๎™๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™น๎˜
๎™Š๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎™—๎™ˆ๎™๎™ฉ๎™—๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™†๎™•๎™„๎™—๎™†๎™‹๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™…๎™ฉ๎™–๎™Œ๎™†๎™’๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ต๎™ˆ๎™™๎™Œ๎™–๎™—๎™„๎˜ƒ
๎™™๎™ด๎™‘๎™†๎™˜๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜œ๎˜‹๎˜”๎˜Œ๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜›๎˜š๎˜๎˜œ๎˜˜๎˜‘
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Revista Ecuatoriana de Investigaciรณn Educativa
๎˜น๎™Œ๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜™๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ญ๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™˜๎˜ƒ๎™Œ๎™‘๎›€๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎™“๎™ˆ๎˜
๎™‡๎™„๎™Š๎™’๎™Š๎™ด๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฆ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™•๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎˜ญ๎™’๎™–๎™ฐ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎™„๎™•๎™—๎™ด๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™ฐ๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎˜ถ๎™„๎™‘๎™†๎™—๎™Œ๎˜ƒ ๎˜ถ๎™“๎™ด๎™•๎™Œ๎™—๎™˜๎™–๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฆ๎™˜๎™…๎™„๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฒ๎™…๎™—๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™‡๎™’๎˜ƒ ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ ๎™‹๎™—๎™—๎™“๎™–๎˜๎˜’๎˜’๎™‡๎˜”๎™š๎™”๎˜
๎™—๎™›๎™—๎™–๎˜”๎™›๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎˜š๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎™†๎™๎™’๎™˜๎™‡๎™‰๎™•๎™’๎™‘๎™—๎˜‘๎˜ƒ ๎™‘๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜’๎˜—๎˜œ๎˜”๎˜š๎˜”๎˜”๎˜•๎˜–๎˜’๎˜ญ๎™ˆ๎™„๎™‘๎™‚๎˜ณ๎™Œ๎™„๎™Š๎™ˆ๎™—๎˜‘๎˜ƒ
๎™“๎™‡๎™‰๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜”๎˜—๎˜š๎˜˜๎˜“๎˜–๎˜™๎˜—๎˜“๎˜”๎˜‘
๎˜น๎™Œ๎™๎™๎™ˆ๎™Š๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ ๎˜ณ๎™„๎™•๎™•๎™„๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ณ๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ ๎˜ฐ๎™’๎™–๎™”๎™˜๎™ˆ๎™•๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™ฉ๎™•๎™‡๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™„๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ผ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎˜‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜‰๎˜ƒ๎›ˆ๎™๎™™๎™„๎™•๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ
๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™‘๎™‡๎™’๎™ธ๎™’๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜จ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜•๎˜“๎˜”๎˜š๎˜Œ๎˜‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ท๎˜ฌ๎˜ฆ๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™‘๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™–๎™’๎™†๎™Œ๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ
๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™ธ๎™„๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜•๎˜ƒ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜˜๎˜ƒ๎™„๎™ธ๎™’๎™–๎˜๎˜ƒ๎™ˆ๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎™๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™‹๎™’๎™Š๎™„๎™•๎™ˆ๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™†๎™’๎˜
๎™๎™˜๎™‘๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฏ๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎™’๎™‘๎™†๎™Œ๎™—๎™’๎™–๎˜ƒ๎™œ๎˜ƒ๎™๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜‹๎˜ง๎™’๎™†๎™—๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™Œ๎™–๎˜
๎™–๎™ˆ๎™•๎™—๎™„๎™—๎™Œ๎™’๎™‘๎˜๎˜ƒ๎˜ฆ๎™’๎™•๎™“๎™’๎™•๎™„๎™†๎™Œ๎™น๎™‘๎˜ƒ๎˜ธ๎™‘๎™Œ๎™™๎™ˆ๎™•๎™–๎™Œ๎™—๎™„๎™•๎™Œ๎™„๎˜ƒ๎˜ฐ๎™Œ๎™‘๎™˜๎™—๎™’๎˜ƒ๎™‡๎™ˆ๎˜ƒ๎˜ง๎™Œ๎™’๎™–๎˜Œ๎˜‘