La Revista Vínculos – ESPE es una revista científica con periodicidad cuatrimestral y se constituye como un espacio para contribuir al desarrollo y difusión de la reflexión teórica, intercambio de saberes y experiencias, producto de proyectos de investigación desarrollados en el marco de la interacción de la ciencia con la sociedad. En tal sentido, la Revista publica ensayos, reseñas y artículos originales, realizados por académicos y profesionales pertenecientes a instituciones nacionales o extranjeras del orden público o privado u organizaciones no gubernamentales. Las temáticas presentadas responden a diversas posturas metodológicas que son abordadas desde una perspectiva transdiciplinaria de identificación y propuestas de solución a problemáticas locales, regionales o globales y están elaboradas con base a una rigurosidad académica. Actualmente, se encuentra indexada en Latindex, bajo los criterios establecidos por la Metodología 2.0. Adicionalmente, la revista ha ingresado a la base de datos de ROAD y LatinRev; cuenta con un número DOI (Digital Object Identifier) legítimamente registrado y validado por Crossref, lo que permite una fácil localización de sus contenidos en la web.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos: Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación del trabajo al igual que licenciado bajo una Creative Commons Attribution License que permite a otros compartir el trabajo con un reconocimiento de la autoría del trabajo y la publicación inicial en esta revista. Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados.
La Revista Vínculos ESPE invita a sus lectores a leer los artículos que se han publicado en este número y que esperamos sea de su gusto. • La interculturalidad como eje transversal entre vinculación con la sociedad e investigación • Virtualidad y relaciones lógico–matemáticas. Una visión desde casa.Virtualidad y relaciones lógico –matemáticas. Una visión desde casa
Copyright (c) 2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Teacher Training in Bilingual Intercultural Education: Case Study with Teachers from the Rural Indigenous Community (Saraguro- Ecuador)
This article analyzes a virtual professional training experience of 16 mestizo and indigenous teachers, from the rural school: Bilingual Intercultural Community Educational Unit “ABC” of San Pablo-Tenta (Saraguro canton- Ecuador), which was carried out during the Covid 19 pandemic, as a learning requirement manifested by the teaching community, within the framework of the project “Co-forming Co-learning Schools: collaborative experiences of continuous improvement of pedagogical processes and Educational Quality Standards in Ecuador”. The methodology used was an action-reflection research that initially allowed diagnosing the use of digital resources and platforms used by teachers, after seven months after the pandemic. In a second moment, mini workshops were executed as a strategy to strengthen teaching practices during the 2020-2021 school year, allowing continuity to the learning process in virtual or blended modalities. The main results show the tensions experienced by the lack of skills in the pedagogical use of technological resources and limited access to the internet. It concludes the need to strengthen the competencies of teachers in the use of technologies and compliance with the guidelines of the Model of Intercultural Bilingual Education.
Copyright (c) 2023 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysing Vocabulary in Human Graded L2 Scripts Through Automatic Lexical Analysers
In grading second language (L2) scripts, teachers take approximate measures regarding lexical choices that may suggest the overall quality of the texts. This study compared various measures of lexical proficiency in scripts written by English language students. The corpus was analyzed to determine the correlation between teacher judgments and lexical items in L2 written assignments. Using the Text Inspector online tool, the study first attempted to delimit the lexical items corresponding to levels (e.g., A1/2, B1/2, and C1/2) of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). In addition to verifying vocabulary levels, the study also used the Tool for the Automatic Analysis of Lexical Sophistication (TAALES) to analyze advanced words and phrases used in each script. Using the Text Inspector tool, the first part of the study demonstrated that the assigned grades for each script correlated with the CEFR word lists. Similarly, the grades and L2 scripts were correlated with twenty-two indices of lexical sophistication (i.e., academic word frequency, range and N-gram proportion frequency).
OPOL method in Early Childhood Education, for the teaching-learning of vocabulary in the English language
Learning a foreign language can be tedious, in addition to the fact that in Latin America there is not much interest in wanting to learn a new language, but what would happen if good foundations are given from childhood, which is why this research aims to demonstrate that the OPOL method allows infants to create the basis for increasing or improving language (vocabulary) in the English language, thanks to the presence of brain plasticity in their first years of life, which at the same time does not generate a space of stress in the teaching- learning process. Using a quasi-experimental methodology for the research. We worked with two groups as a sample for the application of the OPOL method, an “uncontrolled” group, using its own methodology “Hihg Scope” and another “controlled” group in which the selected method would be applied, for this the children had two moments of evaluation (pre-test and posttest), through an interview as a game, in order to analyze the results before and after the application of the research, the averages of 4 categories raised in the checklist per group were analyzed. Showing positive results in the controlled group in the final evaluation.
The effectiveness of public policies for youth employment in Ecuador
This scientific paper has an empiric investigation, with correlational scope, official data was used to determine the effective of government programs which had the goal of reduce youth unemployment in Ecuador. Linear trends and correlational coefficient were used to achieve results of approaches, including the situation of self-employed in the country, considering that entrepreneurship is an alternative to unemployment. Results shows government programs were not effective, although the important public spending of them, concluding these where inefficient, because government lost opportunity cost, while self-employment grown in suitable employment, which on the other hand, shows the success it would having and the need to encourage by government and universities.
La Revista Vínculos ESPE invita a sus lectores a leer los artículos que se han publicado en este número y que esperamos sean de su gusto. La eficacia de las políticas públicas del empleo juvenil en Ecuador Método OPOL en la Educación Infantil, para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de un vocabulario en el idioma inglés Analysing Vocabulary in Human Graded L2 Scripts Through Automatic Lexical Analysers Formación Docente en la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe: Estudio de caso en la comunidad rural indígena (Saraguro- Ecuador)
La interculturalidad como eje transversal entre vinculación con la sociedad e investigación
The Ecuadorian constitution defines the country as intercultural and multinational. In its educational system, however, the intercultural perspective is rarely implemented. The Universidad de Otavalo is an institution located in an area with important cultural diversity. Therefore, it considers interculturality as one of its main axis of institutional development. In this sense, its office of community outreach and the directorate of research have incorporated an intercultural orientation. This paper illustrates how these two areas coordinate their actions to promote interculturality, by showing the results of a project whereby theatrical and ethnographical methodologies were implemented among high school students to strengthen intercultural communication. The results show that this project facilitated a process oriented to rethink students’ ideas about interculturality.
La revista Vínculos ESPE en esta nueva edición presenta a sus lectores un ensayo muy fácil de leer y entender dando a sus lectores ideas de cómo comenzar la investigación orientado a un público de investigadores jóvenes que esperamos sea de su interés, también se presenta un artículo corto de una investigación realizada en los docentes y el uso de herramientas TICs, y finalmente un artículo de investigación original que refleja los resultados de un proyecto de vinculación con docentes de educación media en el ámbito de las competencias digitales.
Copyright (c) 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Virtuality and logical mathematical relation. A view from home.
Desde la llegada de la pandemia muchos cambios se han presentado dentro de los diferentes entornos de la sociedad y el educativo es uno de ellos. Sobre la base de lo mencionado la nueva modalidad de educación ha generado dudas sobre el proceso de aprendizaje y la educación virtual; en la cual la participación de los padres de familia ha sido fundamental, es por esta razón que en la presente investigación se enfatizó en determinar la apreciación que tienen los padres de familia sobre la virtualidad y el aprendizaje de temáticas relacionadas con el ámbito de las relaciones lógicas- matemáticas de los infantes de 5 a 6 años, tomando en cuenta que actualmente son ellos quienes observan directamente el desempeño de sus hijos en las clases virtuales. Para la sustentación del presente trabajo se tomó en cuenta los aportes de autores como: Piaget, Santamaría, Vélez, Chamorro, Soto; entre otros. La investigación fue descriptiva y a su vez se aplicó un cuestionario a padres de familia tanto de escuelas públicas como privadas participantes de la Junta Parroquial de Pomasqui, la misma que fue validada por tres expertos. Entre los resultados obtenidos se puede mencionar que la adquisición de destrezas en el infante no fue del 100% según la apreciación de los padres de familia tomando en cuenta que existieron varios factores que se presentaron en la modalidad virtual. Además, menos del 50% consideró que la virtualidad propenda un nivel de excelencia en el desempeño del infante.
virtual education, parents, logic-mathematics.
Use of ICT Technological Tools in Teaching Learning
The use of ICT technological tools in the pedagogical field has become a determining resource in school classrooms, as an innovative methodology adaptable to any learning area, it is essential that the teacher as the main agent of the educational process stay updated, look for spaces for self-education and technological updating to learn about free technological resources offered by the web. For this reason, qualitative research seeks to analyze the influence of virtual ICT tools such as: WordWall, Mobbyt and Educandy on teacher learning, and examine from their perspective the importance within educational processes as a means for meaningful learning. Consequently, during the study, the most relevant aspects that were found were the age gap, lack of knowledge, language, dynamic virtual games, accessibility as factors that intervene in the use of said programs.
Linkages to understand the consequences of the pandemic
Ten tips for young scientists on how not to think about science
Arriving to a proper definition on what is science has constituted a main issue of the philosophy of science for a long time. Besides, several actors in the general public (including authorities, funders, and science teachers/professors) have a lot of misconceptions and myths about how science works and what scientists do. This assay offers a series of tips to young scientist on how to deal or counteract such misconceptions, and overall on how not to think about science. Many of these misconceptions have strong negative effects on how science is thought, taught, and financed. Through the development of this assay I came to the conclusion that several aspects on the functioning of science and the scientific method, should be evaluated and taught differently. It is necessary to embrace paradigm shifts, avoid rationalist delusions, understand the plethora of scientific methods that exist, and especially, emphasize how important introspection is on the scientific activity. As a consequence of this way of thinking and introspecting, changes in everyday behavior should be promoted: embrace cooperation and global scientific networking, emphasize the importance of a warmer and more inclusive treatment and behavior within and among research groups, be open in terms of schedules and ideas, and build a healthier work-life balance.
Social interaction in the development of oral language in children aged 1-3 years during the pandemic
During childhood, social interaction and language development evolve in parallel by building essential elements and foundations for the child’s future. Research shows that language influences memory and contributes to human behavior, however it can favor the development experienced by the infants in other ways, for example, the language skills to understand and express themselves are essential for the development of children, as it makes them not only more capable of participating in socialization, but also of learning from formal classroom instruction and the environment around them. On the other hand, in the school context, kids acquire the ability to interact in a healthy way with the people around them, benefiting from both by learning new words when they are young and by interacting with adults without any problem. The COVID-19 virus pandemic has led us to a recession in all areas by obligating and causing the closure of On-campus educational activities, this is why the following investigation is proposed. The sampling method is based on 50 children who live in several places in Quito. The study of each kid was carried out through the Battelle Development Inventory. The research is descriptive and exploratory in scope. After analyzing the results, it was established that children who have problems in the personal and social areas also have problems in the area of communication. For this, it is concluded that the family environment is important since it is the first socializing and mediating place of language.
Linking, the brief history of the University-Community relationship
Es de conocimiento común que toda universidad gira en base a tres tareas esenciales: la docencia, la investigación y la vinculación. De esta última, algo provechoso para la sociedad ecuatoriana es la relación Universidad – Comunidad, un lazo muy bien definido que nació con la primera promoción de graduados de nuestra Universidad, en 1925. Como ya es tema difundido en el libro Historia de la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, 2014, los primeros acercamientos de la Escuela de Oficiales Ingenieros con la comunidad fue en la provincia de Cañar, cuando el teniente coronel Maximiliano Dávila lideró la construcción de una fase del ferrocarril en el proyecto Sibambe – Cuenca, con la participación de la población local y los soldados del Batallón de Ingenieros Montúfar. Así también, cuando el mayor Sergio Játiva fue parte de la delegación del Servicio Geográfico Militar en la elaboración de las primeras cartas topográficas en la provincia de Chimborazo.
Diagnosis and improvement of digital competencies. The case of teachers of educational institutions of the public sector of the cantons Rumiñahui and Mejía.
Digital competence is one of the recommended competencies for the successful performance of the professional in the current era, and especially if he/she is an educator. The gaps between the rural and urban population are still marked in several areas: economic, social, technological and even knowledge. In order to contribute to the reduction of the digital gap, the Department of Computer Science of the University of the Armed Forces ESPE, developed the project “Digital Skills for teachers and students of educational institutions in the cantons of Rumiñahui and Mejia”. This project in its first phase focused on the design and development of virtual trainings for the improvement of “Information competencies and information literacy”, taking as a reference the Common Framework of Digital Competence for Teachers (2017). This article presents the results of this formative experience focused on the improvement of digital competencies. Methodology, this research used a quantitative methodology with descriptive and correlational scope. Results: 356 teachers from public educational units were trained. Statistical analysis of results showed an increase in digital competence between pre- and post-test scores of digital information competence and information literacy. Conclusions: Statistical analysis showed that the participants improved their level of information competence and information literacy of the participants. These results will help to infer this type of training in other populations interested in improving their digital competence.
Impacts of covid -19 on physical condition in young adults aged 18 to 23 years
Determining the impact of covid-19 as a new scourge, which is facing mankind and in particular, what deals with its direct effects on man, constitutes a pending task to be solved; its impact on the behavior of the physical and psychological condition is marked by all the affectations and pathological consequences that it leaves behind. This aspect led us to carrying out studies on the indicators related to the development of physical capacities, the nutritional status, and health in general with the purpose of identifying the negative effects caused by covid-19 on the behavior of physical condition in young adults aged 18 to 23 of the western part of the country since there was the possibility of suffering from this pathology; therefore, the implementation of confinement measures to avoid the spread of this virus, the prevailing limitations for the performing of physical activity, and the coupled with programs of an institutional educational and sports system established with innumerable deficiencies were developed to tackle down this virus. In order to search for what was proposed, a qualitative-descriptive study was carried out by using methods of the theoretical and empirical levels of scientific research with an emphasis on measurement, which allowed us to find a marked decrease in the levels of physical condition as a result of limited physical preparation because of the decrease of people with a normal weight level of nutrition and the tendency to grow towards overweight and obesity of type 1 and 2, according to the classification established by the WHO (1992), in addition to the appearance of cardiovascular diseases associated with high blood pressure.
La Revista Vínculos ESPE presenta una nueva imagen con mayor visibilidad para los lectores, autores y revisores. Este nuevo cambio obedece a una actualización al sistema OJS (Open Journal System), el sistema de gestión de revistas de ciencia abierta, que permite un mejor manejo para los usuarios y gestores registrados; una herramienta muy útil y versátil para evidenciar el crecimiento de la revista.
Communication Strategies of the food heritage of the Alausí Canton-Ecuador
The project was developed in help of Ministerio de Inclusión Económica y Social (MIES), “My Best Years”. The medical brigades make periodic home visits in coordination with the parish governments of the Cotopaxi province. Members from the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Latacunga branch, in support of the professionals, have built devices to perform appropriate physiotherapeutic rehabilitation for older adults in order to reduce pain caused by arthritis, osteoarthritis and tendinitis. This work presents the construction of an intelligent multi-medial system with assisted technology for physiotherapeutic rehabilitation of muscle pain in older adults in the Cotopaxi province, in one of the units of the MIES, “Canas de Vida” in Mulalillo. As the years go by, muscle strength is affected by the aforementioned degenerative diseases, due to the progressive wear and tear of the cartilage inside the joints as a result of the activities carried out during the course of life. Based on the surveys carried out in the “Canas de Vida” Unit, a statistical analysis is obtained and the construction of a rehabilitation system for the fourth segment of the upper limb (hand) is presented. A board with assisted technology has been developed that allows the care of older adults for rehabilitation and quantification of the patient’s progress with the help of a registry. The portable electronic board integrates wireless communication (Bluetooth), which allows connecting the specialist physician’s smartphone, thus providing a monitoring system.
Paper or screen? - Student preferences regarding reading
Reading is one of the skills that contributes the most to make easier the learning process. It has been a feature of the human gender for centuries. At the same time, technological development for the last decades has changed the way we see the world in more than one field and reading is not the exception. Nevertheless, transition towards this new file format through electronic devices has not been adopted immediately because of different factors. The current study has the purpose of determining the preference of students -a survey has been applied to 1251 university students who constitute the convenience nonprobability sample for accomplishing such an objective. The approach is quantitative for verifying the hypothesis through numerical measuring and statistical analysis combining non-experimental design for a natural analysis of results. The scope is descriptive and several relevant features underlying the reasons supporting the aforementioned preference. Such features include concentration: the main determiner of the preference for physical format for reading (i.e. paper). Considering screen reading could favor distraction due to cognitive overload. However, it should be noted that eyestrain, one of the factors against screen reading - is not a consequence of technological devices themselves but of reading time, which should not be too extensive.
Didactic strategies for encouraging reading: application analysis in pre-professional practices
The importance given to the initial education stage increases the possibilities for an optimal and adequate school development of the infant. Thus, for example, reading is considered, socially, one of the main activities in schooling. In this context, playful activities generate curiosity to get involved in learning in general and in reading in particular. Didactic strategies to encourage reading have been considered a fundamental resource at an early age, not only because they promote progress in learning, but also because they generate reading habits from early childhood. This research analyzes the application of didactic strategies to encourage reading; such techniques were carried out during pre-professional practices by eighth-level students of the Initial Education program from the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas - ESPE, located on the Sangolquí campus. The type of research is qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, and nonexperimental. For data collection, a questionnaire with thirteen items was applied, and it was validated by expert judgment. To be aware of the reliability of the instrument, Cronbach’s Alpha method was applied, obtaining 0,848, which shows acceptable trustworthiness. It is concluded that university students have knowledge about the strategies to encourage reading; however, when students should apply such knowledge in real contexts, they use only two or three strategies (the most used ones) without detecting much innovation in their pre- professional practices.
This current research analyzes the reasons why humor can become a means to strengthen the learning developed in the classroom. To this end, some aspects are well-defined, for example, humor, the theories that support its application in education, the advantages for students and teachers, and the results obtained regarding its application. The methodology applied is based on a qualitative approach; the deductive method and the content analysis technique were also used. Such instrument was applied to 41 bibliographic documents extracted from the following databases: Scopus, Latindex, Dialnet, Redalyc, and SciELO. It is concluded that humor can become a resource to strengthen learning in the classroom, especially if we take into account the significant transformation of the relationship between teachers and students, which aims to become warmer and more humanistic; in this way, distance and fear of the educator´s authoritarian figure can be eradicated.
The Food Heritage of Alausí has been considered for years, as a complementary resource of natural or cultural tourist products, for this reason, the investigation was proposed with the aim of analyzing the main causes of the loss of said gastronomic traditions and, at the same time, develop communication strategies focused on the conservation and dissemination of hereditary knowledge that still persists in the living memory of the population. From a mixed research approach, the methodology used was based on the review of information from bibliographic sources on gastronomy, culture and identity. A field work was carried out, where quantitative data was collected through the application of surveys to the owners / managers of the food and beverage establishments registered in the tourist registry of the Municipal Gad, in order to measure their level of knowledge regarding culinary beliefs and practices. Likewise, several interviews were applied that served as support to collect qualitative information that helped to locate local products, agricultural processes, cooking techniques, traditions and customs in the preparation of traditional local dishes. Based on the results, it was determined that there is little knowledge regarding cultural manifestations, ways of obtaining products and ancestral cooking techniques. In conclusion, Food Heritage is devalued, therefore, the communicational approaches raised constitute a great tool for the development and positioning of the gastronomic sector at a local, national and international level.
Job comment processor that detects mobbing through sentimental analysis
One of the problems that has always existed permanently worldwide between societies is workplace harassment and the stress it causes, that is why countries like Mexico have created standards to support workers such as NOM 035 so that employers have a reference on psychosocial risk factors at work: their identification, analysis and prevention. Analyzing the aforementioned norm, it requires managers to apply a mailbox to detect complaints about practices contrary to the favorable organizational environment and within the capacities of the investigation due to lack of information, there is minimal evidence that there is a digital tool that supports the workers to express themselves, that is why this research is carried out by processing the analysis of feelings or opinion mining to detect traces of workplace harassment and perceive the negativity or positivity of the comments.
XVI Congreso Internacional Multidisciplinario de Ciencia y Tecnología
The battle against the unknown: Covid -19
The era in which we live today has been one of the most difficult episodes that humanity has gone through, COVID-19, a pandemic that threatened the tranquility of every individual on this planet and became an insecure place that limited the link between human beings and the invisible. For this reason, the world we knew gave an eminent sign of the comforts and value of what we possess. Society had the need to modify the way of life and a new normality. In this article I will indicate some aspects that we did not know from our worst enemy, the virus and that the armies fought several battles in knowing and investigating from the neutralization of the virus to its modifications, developing one of the most epic battles that we have faced and against the clock.
Copyright (c) 2021 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Best Pedagogical Practices for children with Autism Spectrum: Conscious Discipline as an alternative
The educational process requires teachers’ commitment and preparation to provide an inclusive education that allows the well-being of children with Special Educational Needs, which might be associated or not with disability. Autism is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder, it needs to be diagnosed at an early age in order to generate a timely and pertinent intervention in the school, family, and social environment, based on the level of severity, for each person manifests different symptoms. This condition has been accepted as a reason for inclusion and as a topic of interest because its prevalence and increase. For this reason, psychoeducational interventions used in other countries that compromise the social, emotional and communicative area stand out. However, it seeks to highlight the importance of conscious discipline as an alternative methodology adjusted to the Ecuadorian context and quality of life. Considering this situation, regarding the methodology, the research type is descriptive-exploratory. A systematic search has been carried out under different parameters, equations, and search codes, which have made it possible to frame studies within the last five years. The results of the research are analyzed from a comparative table that presents the psychoeducational intervention practices used at the global, regional, and local levels. Ecuador has adapted methodologies applied in the world as intervention processes, which are considered a work alternative; however, the study takes into consideration conscious discipline as a methodological strategy to care for children with autism, given that it stimulates self-regulation processes through love and empathy.
Decision tree algorithm based on the mental representations of Gender: A socio-cognitive construction in the latency stage
This research is based on several gender studies that show the relevance of its conception in the psychosocial development of the human being, reflected in the daily behavior of coexistence within the family with other social contexts. When we talk about gender equality means having the same conditions and opportunities for all human beings who respond to universal rights in their full development, in terms of mental representations we have to identify the symbolic of the forms in which reality is produced without it and thus give meaning to everything around us by organizing structures and starting from the social context. The main objective is to theoretically relate how mental representations of gender are influenced by cognitive sociobuilding by justifying the latency stage as the ideal age to break the mental stereotypes that make up the critical awareness of the individual and allow us to imagine new social scenarios without the obligation to project those culturally inherited. The methodology of this research is experimental and uses two research instruments submitted to the Statistician Alfa de Cronbach with a reliability level of 0.799 for boys and girls and 0.718 for teachers and parents from second to the fourth level through an integrated methodology that seeks to modify gender mental models within the child’s environment in school. Thus, the study is based on a predictive model, i.e. the application of the decision tree for the construction of a model applicable to the context of gender stereotypes, to prevent gender-based violence in school settings.
Physical Endurance Ratings in athletics races
The determination of the level of lactic endurance in races goes through the difficulty of its cost, which is associated with the value of a 25-strip test bottle for this purpose that goes beyond 100,00 dollars and its increase in price when using the measurement of lactic acid in a massive way. This aspect forced us to look for ways to determine how to evaluate the development of lactic endurance in the process of training runners without using the blood lactate measurement. With the aim of finding metrological ratings that would allow us to evaluate pedagogically through mathematical formulas of correspondence the runners´ behavior of the lactic capacity, a descriptive study of a qualitative type was made by using theoretical research methods, which allowed us to find three very effective resistance ratings for this purpose. They become very useful indicators to assess the development of lactic resistance in the runners of those distances where the lactic endurance direction plays a leading role without the need for blood lactate measurement.
The impact of virtual education in the Ecuadorian University during Covid-19
The SARS-CoV-2 virus affected everyone´s daily life. The Ecuadorian government by decree-imposed restrictions on mobility to prevent the spread of the virus: this aspect determined the closure of the Universities, forcing the Higher Education system to migrate from the On-campus education to the virtual one. The abrupt emergence of Covid-19 will pose a challenge for higher education institutions from two perspectives: the pedagogical adaptation to a new environment and the provision of adequate technological resources to create virtual learning settings. This current academic paper aims to analyze the impact of virtual classes on students from the teachers’ perspective. For the development of this quantitative research, the effects of the implementation of virtual education at the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas -ESPE, Sangolquí Campus, were analyzed through a survey applied to teachers. High acceptance was obtained by the respondents towards the management carried out by the university; as well as a low dropout rate and a good performance level, in terms of topics covered, were identified. However, teachers considered that some aspects can be used to improve the quality of virtual education since they fear that the appropriate knowledge has not been reached by students.
Análisis comparativo de la formación de los docentes de idiomas en la educación superior ecuatoriana: la importancia de la Psicología
La formación universitaria en el Ecuador ha sufrido varios cambios en diversos ámbitos que incluyen el desarrollo curricular. El análisis de necesidades en la formación de profesionales en Pedagogía de la Enseñanza de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros ha incorporado diferentes componentes de carácter metodológico, tecnológico y social. Actualmente, dichos profesionales trabajan hacia la incorporación del aspecto psicológico. Todo ello, en vista de su importancia para la formación de los futuros profesionales, aunque no sea una tendencia absoluta. Es importante ratificarlo al tiempo que se analiza la base de las preferencias en materia metodológica y social de las diferentes prácticas de la docencia. El presente estudio se desprende del análisis efectuado para el diseño de la carrera de pedagogía de los idiomas nacionales y extranjeros en la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Como metodología se propone un análisis comparativo de las mallas curriculares de la universidad pública y privada para evaluar el grado de inclusión del componente psicológico y concluir con un análisis cuantitativo de la percepción de los docentes en cuanto al aporte de los profesionales en enseñanza del idioma inglés. En este aspecto se abordan específicamente los campos psicopedagógicos y de neurociencias. El estudio se respalda por una etapa de investigación bibliográfica con base en las consideraciones de las mallas curriculares. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas del estudio de la psicología y sus afines entre la universidad pública y la privada, así como una apreciación de falta de relevancia de los aportes de los profesionales de idiomas en este campo.
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El juego-trabajo como estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje en Educación Inicial
En la actualidad, la educación se ha transformado y con ello las metodologías y estrategias pedagógicas utilizadas por los docentes, este es el caso de la educación Inicial, que propone la metodología juego-trabajo como una alternativa para generar experiencias de aprendizaje significativas e innovadoras en los niños, evitando esquemas tradicionales enfocados en actividades dirigidas sin la posibilidad de la experimentación y movimiento. Por ello, el presente estudio se enfoca en averiguar cuánto conocen los docentes sobre la implementación de la metodología juego-trabajo y su implementación como estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje en educación inicial. Para este propósito se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativa y descriptiva, con una población de cincuenta y dos docentes del nivel de educación inicial de la ciudad de Quito, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario validado y piloteado sobre la utilización de la metodología juego-trabajo. Luego de analizar los resultados, se determinó que el 67,3 % de los docentes si aplican la metodología juego-trabajo durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, pero no poseen una comprensión clara de los conceptos ni las técnicas que se pueden emplear dentro de la metodología. Esta carencia de fundamentos conceptuales conduce a una mera aplicación por el simple hecho de cumplir con las exigencias establecidas en el currículo, corriendo el riesgo de una aplicación sin criterios de innovación y creatividad.